SHORT REPORT

Chronic neutrophilic leukaemia: 14 new cases of an uncommon myeloproliferative disease

J Böhm, H E Schaefer

Department of Pathology, University of Freiburg, Medical School, Freiburg, Germany

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr J Böhm, Institute of Pathology, University of Freiburg, Postfach 214, D-79002 Freiburg, Germany;
jboehm{at}ukl.uni-freiburg.de

Background: Chronic neutrophilic leukaemia (CNL) is a distinct BCR/ABL negative myeloproliferative disorder of elderly patients characterised by sustained neutrophilia and splenomegaly. The bone marrow shows expansion of neutrophilic granulopoiesis, without excess of myeloblasts. To date, only 129 cases of CNL have been reported in the literature.

Aims: To report the findings from a large group of 14 new cases of CNL, consisting of eight women and six men (mean age, 64.7 years).

Methods: A review of the 14 new cases of CNL and the investigation of BCR/ABL translocations in these patients.

Results: Three quarters of the patients died within two years after diagnosis, mostly as a result of severe cerebral haemorrhage. Two younger patients were successfully treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation or interferon, which resulted in haematological remission for years.

Conclusion: CNL is a rare myeloproliferative disease mostly taking a fatal clinical course, despite the presence of mature neutrophils as leukaemic cells in the blood. Thus, it is important to recognise CNL to develop appropriate therapeutic strategies for affected patients.

Keywords: chronic neutrophilic leukaemia; bone marrow; case reports; chronic neutrophilic leukaemia

Abbreviations: CML, chronic myeloid leukaemia; CNL, chronic neutrophilic leukaemia; NAP, neutrophil alkaline phosphatase

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