Original ContributionCytomegalovirus Viremia During Campath-1H Therapy for Relapsed and Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Prolymphocytic Leukemia
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How I manage infection risk and prevention in patients with lymphoid cancer
2022, BloodCitation Excerpt :She received treatment with ganciclovir and was transitioned to valganciclovir once the diarrhea resolved. CMV reactivation is common among patients with lymphoid malignancies, including those who receive therapy with brentuximab vedotin, and occurs most frequently between 3 and 6 weeks after initiation of therapy when T-cell counts reach a nadir.13-16 The most relevant risk factors seem to be advanced disease, poor performance status, CD34+ selected autografts, total body irradiation, and treatment with alemtuzumab, fludarabine, bortezomib, rituximab, or high-dose steroids.17
Genetic variants associated with cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
2021, BloodCitation Excerpt :The CMV serostatus of the donor and recipient remain the most important predictors of CMV disease after HCT, with seropositive recipients at the highest risk, seronegative recipients with seropositive donors at intermediate risk, and seronegative recipients with seronegative donors at the lowest risk.4 The chemotherapy regimen used for conditioning before HCT also affects the risk of CMV reactivation and disease, with the use of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin,8 alemtuzumab,8-11 or reduced intensity conditioning4 conferring higher risk. The use of cord blood grafts12 and the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after HCT4 are also associated with higher risks for CMV reactivation and disease.
Lung infections after cancer chemotherapy
2008, The Lancet OncologyCitation Excerpt :Moreover, pneumonia is particularly common in patients with lymphoma or acute leukaemia.39 Risk of infection is increased by: use of aggressive T-lymphocytotoxic chemotherapy (such as in induction of acute leukaemia with cytarabine, fludarabine, or high-dose cyclophosphamide); treatment with T-cell suppressors (such as methotrexate or corticosteroids);39 or by treatment with T-cell depleting agents such as alemtuzumab, rituximab, or fludarabine.40,41 Diagnosis of cytomegalovirus pneumonia is challenging because it depends on virus detection in samples of lung tissue by use of immunohistochemical staining, histopathological assessment for viral inclusions, or culture.
Valganciclovir prevents cytomegalovirus reactivation in patients receiving alemtuzumab-based therapy
2008, BloodCitation Excerpt :Thus, most patients receive trimethoprim-sulfa twice daily 3 times a week and daily anti-herpes virus treatment with acyclovir, famciclovir, or valaciclovir. Since the introduction of alemtuzumab therapy into the treatment armamentarium for CLL, it has been recognized that cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation may occur in patients receiving this antibody, presumably because of the extensive T-cell depletion associated with the therapy.4,5 A review of 78 patients with chronic lymphocytic disorders receiving alemtuzumab at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center indicated that the symptomatic reactivation rate was 20%.6
Current development of monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy
2020, Recent Results in Cancer Research