Histological features in the gastric cardia of volunteers
| Feature | GERD (n = 65) | Control non-volunteers (n = 48) | p Value | Volunteers (n = 23) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foveolar hyperplasia | 19 (29%) | 12 (25%) | 0.7 | 3 (13%) | 0.2 |
| Carditis | 25 (38%) | 19 (40%) | 1 | 13 (57%) | 0.1 |
| Cardiac mucosa only | 37 (57%) | 40 (83%) | 0.000 | 17 (74%) | 0.2 |
| Intestinal metaplasia | 10 (15%) | 7 (15%) | 1 | 4 (17%) | 1 |
| Pancreatic metaplasia | 15 (27%) | 16 (33%) | 0.7 | 7 (30%) | 1 |