Relation between fasting plasma glucose and demographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) (mean, median, range) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women | Men | |||
| Excludes pregnant women, persons known to have diabetes, and subjects who had not fasted. | ||||
| Age | ||||
| <55 | 5.2, 5.2, 3.9–8.2 | 5.3, 5.3, 4.1–6.9 | ||
| ≥55 | 5.7, 5.5, 4.3–11.1 | p = 0.001 | 5.7, 5.6, 4.6–7.2 | p = 0.002 |
| Vigorous exercise | ||||
| Participation | 5.2, 5.1, 3.9–7.9 | 5.3, 5.4, 4.1–6.4 | ||
| Non-participation | 5.4, 5.3, 4.3–11.1 | 5.5, 5.4, 4.3–7.2 | ||
| Contraceptive pill | ||||
| Used | 4.9, 4.9, 3.9–5.8 | |||
| Not used | 5.4, 5.3, 3.9–11.1 | p = 0.002 | ||
| Missing | 2 | |||
| Hormone replacement | ||||
| Yes | 5.5, 5.2, 4.1–8.2 | |||
| No | 5.3, 5.2, 3.9–11.1 | |||
| Medication affecting plasma glucose | ||||
| Raise | 5.7, 5.6, 4.7–8.2 | 5.5, 5.6, 5.0–5.7 | ||
| Lower | 4.8, 4.8, 4.7–4.9 | 5.1, 5.1, 5.1–5.1 | ||
| Raise/lower | 5.2, 5.2, 5.2–5.2 | |||
| Not used | 5.3, 5.2, 3.9–11.1 | P = 0.026 | 5.4, 5.4, 4.1–7.2 | |
| Family history of diabetes | ||||
| Yes | 5.8, 5.1, 4.7–11.1 | 5.3, 5.5, 4.5–6.0 | ||
| No | 5.3, 5.2, 3.9–8.2 | 5.4, 5.4, 4.1–7.2 | ||
| Waist to hips ratio | ||||
| Normal | 5.3, 5.1, 3.9–11.1 | 5.4, 5.4, 4.1–7.2 | ||
| Abnormal | 5.4, 5.3, 4.1–9.6 | 5.5, 5.4, 4.9–7.1 | ||
| Body mass index | ||||
| Underweight | 5.1, 5.0, 3.9–6.3 | 4.8, 4.6, 4.5–5.5 | ||
| Normal | 5.3, 5.2, 3.9–11.1 | 5.4, 5.3, 4.1–6.9 | ||
| Overweight | 5.4, 5.3, 4.4–6.5 | 5.5, 5.4, 4.3–7.2 | ||
| Obese | 5.7, 5.3, 4.7–9.6 | p = 0.010 | 5.7, 5.7, 4.9–7.1 | p = 0.002 |
| Currently drinking | ||||
| Yes | 5.3, 5.2, 3.9–11.1 | 5.4, 5.4, 4.1–7.2 | ||
| No | 5.4, 5.3, 4.1–9.6 | 5.5, 5.4, 4.3–7.1 | ||
| Currently smoking | ||||
| Yes | 5.1, 5.1, 3.9–6.3 | 5.5, 5.4, 4.1–6.9 | ||
| No | 5.4, 5.3, 3.9–11.1 | 5.4, 5.4, 4.3–7.2 | ||
| Helicobacter pylori status | ||||
| Positive | 5.2, 5.1, 3.9–8.2 | 5.5, 5.4, 4.3–7.1 | ||
| Negative | 5.4, 5.2, 3.9–11.1 | 5.4, 5.3, 4.1–7.2 | ||
| Missing | 7 | 5 | ||
| Number | 155 | 145 | ||