Table 2

 Comparison of immunohistochemistry and western blot results in the index and control placentas

MethodIndex placentaControl placentas
Akt, protein kinase B; AP, alkaline phosphatase; GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase-3β; p38-MAPK, p38 mitogen activated protein kinase; Erk1/2, extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2; SAPK/JNK, stress activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase.
ImmunohistochemistrySlight and discontinuous AP staining in syncytiotrophoblast brush border membraneIntensive continuous AP staining in syncytiotrophoblast brush-border membrane
8–10% Ki-67 positive syncytiotrophoblast cells/field on average1–2% Ki-67 positive syncytiotrophoblast cells/field on average
Western blotTotal-Akt 103%Total-Akt 100%
Total-GSK-3β 106%Total-GSK-3β 100%
Phospho-Akt 174%Phospho-Akt 100%
Phospho-GSK-3β 152%Phospho-GSK-3β 100%
Phospho-Erk 1/2 561%Phospho-Erk 1/2 100%
Phospho-SAPK/JNK 202%Phospho-SAPK/JNK 100%
p38MAPK 249%p38MAPK 100%