Hormones | OPG | RANKL | OPG/RANKL |
Oestrogen | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ |
Glucocorticoid | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ |
Parathyroid hormone* | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ |
1,25(OH)2vitamin D | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ |
↓, Decrease; ↑, Increase.
↵* Continuous PTH exposure results in decrease OPG/RANKL ratio; however, intermittent exposure does not lead to significant alteration in OPG/RANKL ratio, while stimulating markers of bone formation.
OPG, osteoprotegerin; RANKL, receptor activator of NF-κβ ligand.