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PET imaging in ectopic Cushing syndrome: a systematic review

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Abstract

Cushing syndrome due to endogenous hypercortisolism may cause significant morbidity and mortality. The source of excess cortisol may be adrenal, pituitary, or ectopic. Ectopic Cushing syndrome is sometimes difficult to localize on conventional imaging like CT and MRI. After performing a multilevel thoracoabdominal imaging with CT, the evidence regarding the use of radiotracers for PET imaging is unclear due to significant molecular and etiological heterogeneity of potential causes of ectopic Cushing’s syndrome. In our systematic review of literature, it appears that GalLium-based (Ga68) somatostatin receptor analogs have better sensitivity in diagnosis of bronchial carcinoids causing Cushing syndrome and FDG PET appears superior for small-cell lung cancers and other aggressive tumors. Further large-scale studies are needed to identify the best PET tracer for this condition.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, 25701, USA

    Prasanna Santhanam

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone University Hospital, CERIMED, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France

    David Taieb

  3. Marseille Cancerology Research Center, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France

    David Taieb

  4. Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona and Lugano, Switzerland

    Luca Giovanella & Giorgio Treglia

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Santhanam, P., Taieb, D., Giovanella, L. et al. PET imaging in ectopic Cushing syndrome: a systematic review. Endocrine 50, 297–305 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-015-0689-4

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