ReviewNovel methods for the detection of microbial antibodies in oral fluid
Section snippets
Collection of oral fluid
Saliva testing has been widely applied, including in the detection of immunoglobulins, hormones, metabolites, electrolytes, and pharmceuticals.5, 6 Most early developmental work on the detection of microbial antibodies in saliva used whole saliva that was collected by being dribbled into a sterile, wide-mouthed container.7, 8 However, some patients found dribbling distasteful, and sputum specimens or samples with insufficient volume were frequently received. Also, pipetting untreated saliva was
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Cited by (57)
Use of blood matrices and alternative biological fluids for antibody detection in animal tuberculosis
2021, Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyCitation Excerpt :A significant correlation between serum and TE antibody results was observed (MPB83, r = 0.96; CFP10/ESAT6, r = 0.81). Specific antibodies in various non-blood fluids has been documented in both human and animal infectious diseases (McKie et al., 2002; Poonsuk et al., 2018b; Loreck et al., 2020), including tuberculosis (Singh et al., 2003; Buddle et al., 2013; Huang et al., 2016). In veterinary medicine, non-blood fluids allow for convenient non-invasive collection of test specimens, e.g., oral fluid for live pig testing (Bjustrom-Kraft et al., 2018), or use of certain tissue extracts for post-mortem antibody assays, e.g., “meat juice” at livestock slaughterhouses or in wildlife disease surveillance (Felin et al., 2015).
Application of a salivary immunoassay in a prospective community study of waterborne infections
2018, Water ResearchCitation Excerpt :However, obtaining sufficient statistical power to demonstrate waterborne transmission in non-outbreak settings can be problematic for studies which rely on non-specific symptoms as the outcome measure because a variety of pathogens transmitted through different routes can cause similar symptoms while many waterborne infections can be asymptomatic (Exum et al., 2016). Saliva sampling poses minimal risks and it is well tolerated by adults and children (Gammie et al., 2002; McKie et al., 2002). The use of saliva samples for quantitation of specific antibody responses to pathogens is a low cost, non-invasive alternative to the invasive blood sampling approach (Exum et al., 2016).
Development of an oral fluid immunoassay to assess past and recent hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection
2017, Journal of Immunological MethodsCitation Excerpt :Oral fluid is composed of secretions from salivary glands, transudate from the capillary bed and crevicular fluid (flows from between the gums and the teeth) (McKie et al., 2002). Crevicular fluid is the component of oral fluid that is particularly rich in IgA and IgG and IgM (McKie et al., 2002). Most IgG in oral fluid is derived from serum and enters the oral cavity via crevicular fluid whereas most IgA in oral fluid is produced in the salivary glands and thus reflects mucosal as well as systemic immunity (Brandtzaeg, 2007).
Prospective assessment of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus, a tool for improving access to care
2016, Clinical Microbiology and Infection