12Chronic neutrophilic leukemia and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: WHO defined
Section snippets
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare chronic myeloproliferative disorder (CMPD) that has only recently attained formal recognition as a distinct entity within the updated the World Health Organization (WHO) classification system.1 CNL is characterized by sustained, mature neutrophilic leukocytosis with few or no circulating immature granulocytes, monocytosis or basophilia. Affected patients usually display splenomegaly, and bone marrow (BM) histology reveals granulocytic hyperplasia
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML)
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), the classification of which has been controversial and disputed to date, is now better defined within a newly created WHO category of myeloid disorders.1, 2 It is a clonal disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell characterized by an absolute peripheral blood monocytosis accompanied by evidence of both effective (myeloproliferative) and ineffective (myelodysplastic) hematopoiesis. The coexistence of these latter contrasting features prompted the formation
Summary and conclusion
The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of myeloid disorders has provided updated parameters for the consistent diagnosis of two previously less-than-optimally defined chronic myeloid disorders, CNL and CMML. The current revised classification is more clinically and biologically relevant, enabling uniform diagnosis and a framework within which to evaluate natural history and specific therapeutic interventions of these disorders. CNL is now recognized as a distinct entity among the
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Fatal intracerebral hemorrhage in a patient with chronic neutrophilic leukemia: About one case and literature review
2020, Revue de Medecine InterneChronic Neutrophilic Leukemia: Current and Future Perspectives
2019, Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma and LeukemiaCitation Excerpt :Barring fatigue, CNL patients are largely asymptomatic and are diagnosed serendipitously.16 CNL may evolve into refractory neutrophilia or into progressive splenomegaly, or it may transform into acute myeloid leukemia (AML),15 polycythemia vera,17 or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML).18 The median survival after diagnosis is under 2 years (range, 1-106 months), correlating with the time to transform into AML.1,16
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Adult Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
2017, Biology of Blood and Marrow TransplantationCitation Excerpt :CMML has a heterogeneous clinical course, with much variability in survival and rates of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Expected survival ranges from months to several years [5-7]. Rates of transformation to AML range from 4% to 44% [5-7].
Deficiency of β common receptor moderately attenuates the progression of myeloproliferative neoplasm in Nras<sup>G12D/+</sup> Mice
2015, Journal of Biological ChemistryIncidence and survival of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in Girona (Spain): A population-based study, 1993-2007
2012, Leukemia ResearchCitation Excerpt :Compared to other cancers, CMML is a hematological malignancy diagnosed and managed outside hospitals, and although independent laboratories report cases to local registries, the completeness of case reporting is not well-known. The median survival of CMML patients is around 12–24 months and even though it can vary from 1 to over 100 months, survival with CMML is extremely poor [2,4–6,8]. In the present study, the median OS was 28 months.