A study of long-term outcome of 78 subjects who had had Henoch-Schönlein nephritis during childhood (at a mean of 23.4 years after onset) shows that severity of clinical presentation and initial findings on renal biopsy correlate well with outcome but have poor predictive value in individuals. 44% of patients who had nephritic, nephrotic, or nephritic/nephrotic syndromes at onset have hypertension or impaired renal function, whereas 82% of those who presented with haematuria (with or without proteinuria) are normal. 17 patients deteriorated clinically from an initial assessment in 1971; 7 of these had apparently completely recovered in 1976. 16 of 44 full-term pregnancies were complicated by proteinuria and/or hypertension, even in the absence of active renal disease. These findings indicate that childhood Henoch-Schönlein nephritis requires long-term follow-up, especially during pregnancy.