Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the major cell-surface initiators of inflammatory responses to
pathogens. They bind a wide variety of pathogenic substances through their ectodomains …

The membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs) trigger innate immune responses after
recognition of a wide variety of pathogen-derived compounds. Despite the wide range of …

Antibodies are made in all vertebrates as part of the immune response to antigenic
challenge by foreign substances. The diversity of this response is impressive: any foreign …

The ancestors of fungi are believed to be simple aquatic forms with flagellated spores,
similar to members of the extant phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids). Current classifications …

Inherited defects of base excision repair have not been associated with any human genetic
disorder, although mutations of the genes mutM and mutY, which function in Escherichia coli …

Materials and Methods.-Ultraviolet absorption was measured with a Cary Model 15
spectrophotometer, using an 0.1 mm cell. A water-jacketed cell housing was used to …

HIV integrase is the enzyme responsible for inserting the viral DNA into the host
chromosome; it is essential for HIV replication. The crystal structure of the catalytically active …

FORMATION OF A THREE-STRANDED POLYNUCLEOTIDE MOLECULE Page 1 April 20, 1957
Communications to the Editor 2023 2.90, 5.73 and 5.83 µ, negative single Cotton effect in rotatory …

Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a molecular
signature of most viruses, and triggers inflammatory responses that prevent viral spread …

Human Performance provides the student and researcher with a comprehensive and
accessible review of performance, in the real world and essential cognitive science theory …