Recent gene expression profiling of breast cancer has identified specific subtypes with
clinical, biologic, and therapeutic implications. The basal-like group of tumors is …

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with varied morphological appearances,
molecular features, behavior, and response to therapy. Current routine clinical management …

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease encompassing a variety of entities with distinct
morphological features and clinical behaviors. Although morphology is often associated with …

Morphological assessment of the degree of differentiation has been shown in numerous
studies to provide useful prognostic information in breast cancer, but until recently …

Oestrogen receptor-α (ER) is the defining and driving transcription factor in the majority of
breast cancers and its target genes dictate cell growth and endocrine response, yet genomic …

Purpose.—To update key recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
(ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 …

The genomic landscape of breast cancer is complex, and inter-and intra-tumour
heterogeneity are important challenges in treating the disease. In this study, we sequence …

BACKGROUND. Triple‐negative breast cancer (estrogen receptor‐negative, progesterone
receptor‐negative, and HER2‐negative) is a high risk breast cancer that lacks the benefit of …

Breast carcinomas are often infiltrated by inflammatory cells, particularly macrophages and T
lymphocytes, but the significance of these cells remains unclear. One possible role of these …

Background Immunohistochemical markers are often used to classify breast cancer into
subtypes that are biologically distinct and behave differently. The aim of this study was to …