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Between 1935 and 2001, many studies have appeared in the literature from different parts of the world on bone marrow invasion by solid tumours.1–4 After lymphoma, the primary tumours that most frequently involve the bone marrow are malignancies of the prostate, breast, lungs, thyroid, kidney, and stomach.4 Metastatic deposits of malignant melanoma have also been described.3 In many instances, primary tumours remain clinically undetected and are identified only at necropsy.1
The value of bone marrow aspiration in the diagnosis of malignant neoplasms was confirmed when four of eight cases of malignant melanoma were found to harbour tumour deposits in the bone marrow.3 In a series of 57 patients with known carcinoma of the prostate, five had carcinoma cells in the bone marrow, with no other diagnostic evidence of skeletal system involvement.2 The usefulness of such a comparatively simple procedure is emphasised by studies of large series of …