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Original research
Prognostic implications of the immunohistochemical expression of perilipin 1 and adipophilin in high-grade liposarcoma
  1. Kengo Kawaguchi1,2,
  2. Kenichi Kohashi1,
  3. Taro Mori1,
  4. Hidetaka Yamamoto1,
  5. Takeshi Iwasaki1,
  6. Izumi Kinoshita1,
  7. Yosuke Susuki1,2,
  8. Hiroshi Furukawa1,2,
  9. Makoto Endo2,
  10. Yoshihiro Matsumoto2,
  11. Yasuharu Nakashima2,
  12. Yoshinao Oda1
  1. 1 Department of Anatomic Pathology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  2. 2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  1. Correspondence to Professor Yoshinao Oda; oda.yoshinao.389{at}m.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Abstract

Aims Liposarcoma is a malignant soft tissue tumour with adipocytic differentiation. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) and myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) are classified as high-grade liposarcomas. Lipid droplet-associated protein (also known as perilipin 1 (PLIN1)) is the predominant perilipin and has utility as a specific marker of adipogenic differentiation. Adipose differentiation-related protein (also known as adipophilin (ADRP)) is ubiquitously expressed in a range of tissues. High ADRP expression is reportedly a poor prognostic factor in several cancer types. However, no previous studies have examined the association between PLIN1 or ADRP expression and prognosis in sarcoma. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the association between PLIN1 or ADRP expression and prognosis in liposarcoma.

Methods In total, 97 primary resection specimens (53 MLS and 44 DDLS) were examined in this study. PLIN1 and ADRP expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Survival analyses were performed for MLS and DDLS.

Results Of the 53 MLS specimens, 15 (28.3%) exhibited high PLIN1 expression. PLIN1 expression was not observed in DDLS specimens. High PLIN1 expression was significantly associated with increased disease-free survival (DFS) among patients with MLS (p=0.045). Distinct ADRP expression was observed in 13 of 53 (24.5%) MLS specimens and 5 of 44 (11.4%) DDLS specimens. High ADRP expression was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) in MLS (p=0.042) and DFS and shorter OS in DDLS (p=0.024 and p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions PLIN1 and ADRP expression is associated with poor prognosis in high-grade liposarcoma.

  • Sarcoma
  • IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
  • Soft Tissue Neoplasms

Data availability statement

Data are available upon reasonable request.

https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp-2023-208814

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    Data availability statement

    Data are available upon reasonable request.

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    Footnotes

    • Handling editor David Creytens.

    • Contributors KKa, KKo and YO conceptualised and designed the study. KKa, KKo and YO developed the methodology and wrote, reviewed and revised the paper. TM, TI and HY contributed to data acquisition, analysis and interpretation, and statistical analysis. IK, YS, HF, ME and YM provided technical and material support. KKa wrote the manuscript. YO and YN supervised the experiments. YO accepts full responsibility for the finished work and/or the conduct of the study, had access to the data, and controlled the decision to publish. All authors read and approved the final paper.

    • Funding This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (grant numbers: JP19H03444, JP21K06887 and JP21K20805).

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.