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  • Lipid droplets’ functional protein caveolin-2 is associated with lipid metabolism-related molecule FABP5 and EMT marker E-cadherin in oral epithelial dysplasia

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Original research
Lipid droplets’ functional protein caveolin-2 is associated with lipid metabolism-related molecule FABP5 and EMT marker E-cadherin in oral epithelial dysplasia
  1. Xiao-Jie Chen1,2,
  2. Yu-Ting Bai1,
  3. Ji-Rong Xie1,
  4. Gang Zhou1,2
  1. 1 The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  2. 2 Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  1. Correspondence to Dr Gang Zhou, Department of Oral Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; zhougang{at}whu.edu.cn

Abstract

Aims To explore the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) and its relationship with lipid metabolism, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the carcinogenesis processes in the oral cavity.

Methods LDs were stained by oil red O. Forty-eight oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), 78 oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and 25 normal tissue sections were included to explore the LDs surface protein caveolin-2 and perilipin-3, lipid metabolism-related molecule FABP5 and EMT biomarker E-cadherin expression by immunohistochemical staining.

Results The accumulation of LDs was observed in OPMDs and OSCCs compared with normal tissues (p<0.05). In general, an increasing trend of caveolin-2, perilipin-3 and FABP5 expression was detected from the normal to OPMDs to OSCC groups (p<0.05). Additionally, caveolin-2, perilipin-3 and FABP5 expression were positively correlated with epithelial dysplasia in OPMDs, whereas E-cadherin positivity was negatively correlated with histopathological grade in both OPMDs and OSCC, respectively. A negative correlation of caveolin-2 (p<0.01, r =−0.1739), and FABP5 (p<0.01, r =−0.1880) with E-cadherin expression was detected. The caveolin-2 (p<0.0001, r=0.2641) and perilipin-3 (p<0.05, r=0.1408) staining was positively correlated with FABP5. Increased caveolin-2 expression was related to local recurrence and worse disease-free survival (p<0.05).

Conclusion In the oral epithelial carcinogenesis process, LDs begin to accumulate early in the precancerous stage. LDs may be the regulator of FABP5-associated lipid metabolism and may closely related to the process of EMT; caveolin-2 could be the main functional protein.

  • caveolin-2
  • E-cadherin
  • FABP5
  • lipid droplets
  • oral potentially malignant disorders
  • oral squamous cell carcinoma
  • perilipin-3

Data availability statement

All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as online supplemental information.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp-2022-208673

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    Data availability statement

    All data relevant to the study are included in the article or uploaded as online supplemental information.

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    Footnotes

    • Handling editor Munita Bal.

    • Contributors XJC designed and performed the experiment and drafted the manuscript. YTB collected the tissue samples and performed the experiment. JRX and GZ helped with the manuscript editing. GZ reviewed the manuscript drafts. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. XJC is responsible for the overall content as guarantor.

    • Funding This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82101023) to XJC, and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81970949, No.82270983) to GZ.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.