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Original research
c-Met immunohistochemistry as reflex test at diagnosis for non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world experience from a monocentric case series
  1. Christophe Bontoux1,2,
  2. Veronique Hofman2,3,
  3. Milissa Abboute3,
  4. Virginie Lespinet-Fabre3,
  5. Salomé Lalvée2,3,
  6. Samantha Goffinet2,3,
  7. Olivier Bordone3,
  8. Elodie Long-Mira2,3,
  9. Sandra Lassalle2,3,
  10. Florent Murcy3,
  11. Guylène Rignol2,3,
  12. Simon Heeke4,
  13. Marius Ilie3,
  14. Paul Hofman2,3
  1. 1IHU RespirERA, FHU OncoAge, Hospital-Integrated Biobank (BB-0033-00025), University Hospital Centre Nice Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Nice, France
  2. 2Team 4, Inserm U1081, CNRS 7284, Université Côte d'Azur, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Center, IRCAN, Nice, France
  3. 3IHU RespirERA, FHU OncoAge, Hospital-Integrated Biobank (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, University Hospital Centre Nice Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Nice, France
  4. 4Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
  1. Correspondence to Professor Paul Hofman, IHU RespirERA, FHU OncoAge, Hospital-Integrated Biobank (BB-0033-00025), Pasteur Hospital, University Hospital Centre Nice Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Nice, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; hofman.p{at}chu-nice.fr

Abstract

Aims Recent clinical trials have shown promising results with drugs targeting the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met) for advanced non-small cell lung cancers overexpressing c-Met. We assessed reflex testing of c-Met immunohistochemistry (IHC) at diagnosis for NSCLC in the real-world.

Methods We retrospectively collected clinical, pathological and molecular data of cases diagnosed with NSCLC in our institution from January 2021 to June 2023. We performed c-Met IHC (SP44 clone) and scored the expression using a H-score and a three-tier classification.

Results 391 cases with interpretable c-Met IHC staining were included. The median age at diagnosis was 70 years (range 25–89 years) including 234 males (male/female ratio 1:5). 58% of the samples came from surgical resections, 35% from biopsies and 8% from cytological procedures. 52% of cases were classified as c-Met-positive (H-score≥150) and 19% were classified as c-Methigh (≥50%, 3+). 43% of the c-Metneg presented with lymph node and/or visceral metastases at diagnosis vs 55% for c-Methigh (p=0.042). 23% of the adenocarcinomas showed c-Methigh expression vs 3% for squamous cell carcinomas (p=0.004). 27% of the c-Metneg cases had a high PD-L1 expression vs 58% of c-Methigh cases (p<0.001). MET ex14 skipping was present in 8% of the c-Methigh cases.

Conclusions Systematic c-Met testing in daily routine for NSCLC patients is feasible, highlighting a potential correlation with clinicopathological and molecular features.

  • IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
  • LUNG CANCER
  • ONCOGENES
  • Lung Neoplasms

Data availability statement

Data are available on reasonable request.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp-2023-209202

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    Data availability statement

    Data are available on reasonable request.

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    Footnotes

    • Handling editor Runjan Chetty.

    • CB and VH contributed equally.

    • Contributors CB: data curation, analyses, graphic design, reviewing and editing: VH: writing of the original draft, resources, reviewing; MA: data collection, reviewing and editing; VL-F: data collection, reviewing and editing; SLalvée: data collection, reviewing and editing; SG: reviewing and editing; OB: data collection, reviewing and editing; EL-M: reviewing and editing; SLassalle: reviewing and editing; FM: reviewing and editing; GR: reviewing and editing; SH: reviewing and editing; MI: reviewing and editing; PH: supervision, administration, resources, reviewing and editing. PH is the author responsible for the overall content a the guarantor.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests None declared.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

    • Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.