PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Sandra A O'Toole
AU  - Jane M Beith
AU  - Ewan K A Millar
AU  - Richard West
AU  - Anna McLean
AU  - Aurelie Cazet
AU  - Alexander Swarbrick
AU  - Samantha R Oakes
TI  - Therapeutic targets in triple negative breast cancer
AID  - 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201361
DP  - 2013 Jun 01
TA  - Journal of Clinical Pathology
PG  - 530--542
VI  - 66
IP  - 6
4099  - http://jcp.bmj.com/content/66/6/530.short
4100  - http://jcp.bmj.com/content/66/6/530.full
SO  - J Clin Pathol2013 Jun 01; 66
AB  - Outcomes have improved significantly for many women diagnosed with breast cancer. For the heterogeneous group of tumours lacking expression of the oestrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors, ‘triple negative’ breast cancers (TNBC), the prognosis overall has remained quite poor. When TNBC recurs, there is often little response to chemotherapy, and there are a few treatment options in this setting. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need to identify new therapeutic targets in order to improve the outlook for these patients. This review highlights the most promising therapeutic targets identified through new sequencing technologies, as well as through studies of apoptosis. We also present mounting evidence that the developmental signalling pathways Wnt/β-catenin, NOTCH and Hedgehog play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of TNBC with new therapeutic approaches inhibiting these pathways in advanced preclinical studies or early clinical trials.