Causes of hyperprolactinaemia
| Physiological (pregnancy, stress, nipple stimulation, coitus) |
| Pituitary prolactinoma |
| Any pituitary/hypothalamic tumour that compresses the pituitary stalk |
| Idiopathic hypersecretion |
| Primary hypothyroidism |
| Pharmacological causes (phenothiazines, butyrophenones, pimozide, cimetidine, methyldopa) |
| Polycystic ovarian syndrome |
| Renal/liver failure |
| Traumatic or neoplastic lesions of the thorax or spine |
| Ectopic production of prolactin by extrapituitary tumour |