HNF-1β upregulation | Apoptotic escape | Tumorigenesis |
TMS-1/ASC methylation | Apoptotic escape | Tumorigenesis |
PTEN loss | Activation of cell cycle progression | Tumorigenesis |
Metastasis |
WT-1 reduced expression and promotor methylation | Deregulated IGF-IR gene expression and enhanced mitogenic activity | Tumorigenesis |
Reduced E-cadherin expression | Tumorigenesis/Metastasis |
CD44 loss | Reduced cell adhesion | Metastasis |
Myc amplification | Cell proliferation | Tumorigenesis |
Chromosome 9p loss (CDKN2) | Loss of p53 and pRb activity | Tumorigenesis |
Chromosome 17q21-q24 gain (PPM1D) | Inhibition of p53 | Tumorigenesis |
Loss of mismatch repair genes(hMLH1 and hMSH2) | Microsatellite instability | Drug resistance |
ERCC1 and XPB upregulation | Impaired nucleotide excision repair | Platinum resistance |
GPX3, GLRX and SOD2 (antioxidant proteins) upregulation | Resistance to oxidative damage | Drug resistance |
ANX4 upregulation | Unknown | Paclitaxel resistance |
UGT1A1 upregulation | Detoxification of SN-38 | Topoisomerase I inhibitor resistance |
ABCF2 upregulation | Unknown | Platinum resistance |
Altered BAX/Bcl-2 ratio | Alteration of proapoptotic/antiapoptotic protein ratio mediating apoptotic escape | Tumorigenesis |
Paclitaxel sensitivity |