| Colonic cancer | Rectal cancer | |||
| Conventional solution (n = 30) | GEWF solution (n = 30) | Conventional solution (n = 29) | GEWF solution (n = 31) | |
| Patient age, mean (SD) (years) | 71.1 (11.3) | 69.7 (11.7) | 66.5 (12.5) | 64.0 (12.4) |
| Patient sex | ||||
| Male | 17 (57) | 13 (43) | 18 (62) | 18 (58) |
| Female | 13 (43) | 17 (57) | 11 (38) | 13 (42) |
| Type of surgery | ||||
| Right hemicolectomy | 6 (20) | 4 (13) | ||
| Advanced right hemicolectomy | 3 (10) | 4 (13) | ||
| Transverse resection | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Left hemicolectomy | 4 (13) | 3 (10) | ||
| Sigmoid colectomy | 14 (47) | 17 (57) | ||
| Other resection | 3 (10) | 2 (7) | ||
| Low anterior resection | 16 (55) | 19 (61) | ||
| Abdominoperineal excision | 13 (45) | 11 (35) | ||
| Hartmann procedure | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | ||
| Preoperative radiotherapy | ||||
| None | 19 (66) | 20 (65) | ||
| 5×5 Gy | 4 (14) | 5 (16) | ||
| Long course | 6 (21) | 6 (19) | ||
| Maximum tumour diameter, mean (SD) (mm) | 50.8 (23.6) | 51.1 (26.3) | 44.9 (19.7) | 46.1 (23.1) |
| Distance to anal resection line, mean (SD) (cm) | 3.8 (1.9) | 4.0 (2.5) | ||
| Local invasion | ||||
| pT1 | 3 (10) | 2 (7) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| pT2 | 1 (3) | 5 (17) | 6 (21) | 10 (32) |
| pT3 | 24 (80) | 18 (60) | 18 (62) | 15 (48) |
| pT4 | 2 (7) | 5 (17) | 3 (10) | 4 (13) |
| pTx | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3)* | 1 (3)† |
| Tumour grade | ||||
| Well differentiated | 2 (7) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Moderately differentiated | 18 (60) | 21 (70) | 19 (66) | 20 (65) |
| Poorly differentiated | 9 (30) | 7 (23) | 9 (31) | 9 (29) |
| Undifferentiated | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Mucinous adenocarcinoma | ||||
| No | 26 (87) | 25 (83) | 26 (90) | 26 (84) |
| Yes | 4 (13) | 5 (17) | 2 (7) | 4 (13) |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Extramural vascular invasion | ||||
| No | 25 (83) | 22 (73) | 22 (76) | 20 (65) |
| Yes | 5 (17) | 6 (20) | 5 (17) | 9 (29) |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | 2 (7) | 2 (6) |
| Nervous invasion | ||||
| No | 27 (90) | 28 (93) | 23 (79) | 26 (81) |
| Yes | 3 (10) | 1 (3) | 3 (10) | 3 (10) |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 3 (10) | 2 (6) |
| Circumferential resection margin, mean (SD) (mm) | 8.7 (10.3) | 11.2 (9.2) | ||
| M-stage | ||||
| Stage 0 | 29 (97) | 27 (90) | 24 (83) | 30 (97) |
| Stage 1 | 1 (3) | 3 (10) | 5 (17) | 1 (3) |
| Loco-radicality | ||||
| R0 | 29 (97) | 30 (100) | 26 (90) | 28 (90) |
| R1 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | 3 (10) |
| R2 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) |
| Surgeon | ||||
| Senior registrar | 2 (7) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Young consultant | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Consultant | 26 (87) | 29 (97) | 29 (100) | 31 (100) |
| Pathologist | ||||
| Registrar | 5 (17) | 6 (20) | 4 (14) | 3 (10) |
| Consultant | 25 (83) | 24 (80) | 25 (86) | 28 (90) |
Results expressed as number (%).
*After long course preoperative radiotherapy, no tumour could be detected at pathological examination. Before treatment the T-stage was T3 at ultrasonic examination.
†After long course preoperative radiotherapy, no tumour could be detected at pathological examination. Before treatment the T-stage was T4 at MRI scan.