Characteristic | Active coeliac disease, n=20 (%) | Treated coeliac disease, n=12 (%) | Control, n=8 (%) |
Mean age, months±SD | 51.1±31.8 | 54.9±25.6 | 50.1±31.2 |
Sex (M/F) | 12 (60)/8 (40) | 7 (58)/5 (42) | 4 (50)/4 (50) |
Symptoms | |||
Abdominal pain | 5 (25) | 0 (8) | 1 (12) |
Diarrhoea | 17 (85) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Weight loss | 11 (55) | 2 (16) | 5 (62) |
Anaemia | 7 (25) | 3 (25) | (0) |
Anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA+) | 20 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Anti-transglutaminase antibodies (tTG+) | 20 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Duodenal biopsy* | |||
M 0–1 | 0 (0) | 12 (100) | 8 (100) |
M 3 | 20 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
HLA genetic typing (DQ2/DQ8) | 20 (100) | 12 (100) | 0 (0) |
Additional diseases | |||
Iron deficiency | 5 (25) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
IgA deficiency | 2 (10) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
↵* Modified Marsh classification of coeliac disease.19
HLA, human leukocyte antigen; M0, normal mucosa; M0–1, (infiltrative lesion) seen in patients on a gluten-free diet (suggesting minimal amounts of gliadin are being ingested), patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, and family members of patients with coeliac disease; M2, (hyperplastic type) seen occasionally in dermatitis herpetiforme; M3, 40 intraepithelial lymphocytes per 100 enterocytes, crypts increased and villi with atrophy (partial or complete villous atrophy) seen in cases of typical coeliac disease.