Biological agents assessed by the International Agency for Research on Cancer monograph working group (adapted from Bouvard et al 2)
| Group 1 agent | Other sites with limited evidence in humans |
| Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) | Gastric carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma |
| Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) | Multicentric castleman's disease |
| Human Papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) | Cancer of the larynx |