Overall (n=129) | CCP group (n=34) | Control A (n=68) | Control B (n=34) | P value CCP vs A | P value CCP vs B | |
Male sex, n (%)* | 88 (68.2) | 23 (67.6) | 46 (67.6) | 23 (67.6) | 1 | 1 |
Age (years), mean (SD)† | 57.4 (16.4) | 55.4 (16.6) | 59.0 (16.8) | 57.2 (15.3) | 0.31 | 0.65 |
Comorbidities, n (%)* | ||||||
BMI >30 | 25 (19.4) | 6 (17.6) | 18 (26.5) | 4 (11.8) | 0.46 | 0.73 |
Diabetes | 50 (38.8) | 14 (41.2) | 28 (41.2) | 12 (35.3) | 1.00 | 0.80 |
Hypertension | 67 (51.9) | 16 (47.1) | 38 (55.9) | 17 (50.0) | 0.41 | 1.00 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 10 (7.8) | 3 (8.8) | 7 (10.3) | 2 (5.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Chronic kidney disease | 14 (10.9) | 2 (5.9) | 11 (16.2) | 1 (2.9) | 0.21 | 1.00 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 36 (27.9) | 7 (20.6) | 27 (39.7) | 4 (11.8) | 0.07 | 0.51 |
Coronary artery disease | 8 (6.2) | 1 (2.9) | 6 (8.8) | 3 (8.8) | 0.42 | 0.61 |
Other therapies | 2 (1.6) | 2 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.11 | 0.49 |
Symptoms, n (%)* | ||||||
Dyspnoea | 118 (91.5) | 32 (94.1) | 59 (86.8) | 33 (97.1) | 0.33 | 1.00 |
SpO2 <93% | 107 (82.9) | 28 (82.4) | 51 (75.0) | 34 (100.0) | 0.46 | 0.03 |
Respiratory rate >30 | 74 (57.4) | 19 (55.9) | 33 (48.5) | 24 (70.6) | 0.53 | 0.31 |
Arterial O2/FiO2 <300 | 107 (82.9) | 34 (100.0) | 45 (66.2) | 33 (97.1) | <0.001 | 1.00 |
Respiratory failure | 109 (84.5) | 34 (100.0) | 47 (69.1) | 34 (100.0) | <0.001 | 1.00 |
Septic shock | 48 (37.2) | 15 (44.1) | 25 (36.8) | 13 (38.2) | 0.52 | 0.81 |
Disease severity n (%)* | 0.001 | 1 | ||||
Non-ventilated | 39 (30.2) | 6 (17.6) | 29 (42.6) | 6 (17.6) | ||
Mechanical ventilation | 65 (50.4) | 17 (50.0) | 35 (51.5) | 17 (50.0) | ||
ECMO | 25 (19.4) | 11 (32.4) | 4 (5.9) | 11 (32.4) | ||
ABO, n (%)* | <0.001 | 0.002 | ||||
A neg | 4 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.4) | 2 (5.9) | ||
A pos | 30 (23.3) | 6 (17.6) | 17 (25.0) | 9 (26.5) | ||
AB pos | 2 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | ||
B neg | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
B pos | 20 (15.5) | 8 (23.5) | 10 (14.7) | 2 (5.9) | ||
O neg | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
O pos | 45 (34.9) | 20 (58.8) | 14 (20.6) | 13 (38.2) | ||
N/A | 26 (20.2) | 0 (0.0) | 20 (29.4) | 8 (23.5) | ||
Other therapies, n (%)* | ||||||
Hydroxychloroquine | 70 (54.3) | 18 (52.9) | 39 (57.4) | 19 (55.9) | 0.68 | 1.00 |
Azithromycin | 54 (41.9) | 9 (26.5) | 38 (55.9) | 12 (35.3) | 0.01 | 0.60 |
Steroids | 21 (16.3) | 11 (32.4) | 2 (2.9) | 8 (23.5) | <0.001 | 0.59 |
Tocilizumab | 30 (23.3) | 14 (41.2) | 10 (14.7) | 7 (20.6) | 0.01 | 0.11 |
Remdesivir | 25 (19.4) | 7 (20.6) | 11 (16.2) | 7 (20.6) | 0.59 | 1 |
Stem cells | 4 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.4) | 2 (5.9) | 0.55 | 0.49 |
ABO: Blood type
*Fisher’s exact test.
†Welch’s one-way ANOVA.
ANOVA, analysis of variance; BMI, body mass index; CCP, convalescent plasma; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; FiO2, fractional inspired oxygen; N/A, not available; SpO2, oxygen saturation.