Lifestyle factors | Principal diseases | Medications |
Pregnancy (physiological in third trimester) | Diabetes (uncontrolled) | Glucorticoids |
Insulin resistance/obesity | Retinoids | |
Alcohol excess | Chronic renal failure | Oncologics (bexarotene; PD1 antagonists) |
Carbohydrate excess | Cushing’s syndrome | Anti-psychotics |
Glucose-containing drinks | Growth hormone deficiency | HIV protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside analogues |
Caffeine excess | Lipodystrophy | Ciclosporin |
Adrenergic drugs of abuse | Metabolic disease and mitochondrial myopathy | Tamoxifen |
Glycogen storage disease | High-dose beta-blockers | |
Bone marrow disease (paraproteinaemia) | High dose thiazide diuretics | |
Infection/extreme inflammation for example, pancreatitis | Amiodarone | |
Systemic lupus erythematosus | Interferon |
Many of these causes interact with polygenic risk factors for hypertriglyceridaemia in susceptible individuals.