Original contributionCryptosporidiosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A study of 15 autopsy cases
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Clues to uncommon and easily overlooked infectious diagnoses affecting the GI tract and distinction from their clinicopathologic mimics
2014, Gastrointestinal EndoscopyCitation Excerpt :PCR assays also demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity176,177 but are not as widely available. Cryptosporidium may infect any site of the GI tract, from the gastroesophageal junction to the anus.178-180 The esophagus is typically spared.178,181
Cryptosporidiosis (Cryptosporidium Species)
2014, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious DiseasesAIDS-related gastric cryptosporidiosis simulating malignancy
2013, Revista Espanola de PatologiaCitation Excerpt :Cryptosporidium organisms in AIDS syndrome most frequently colonize the small intestine, but the entire gastrointestinal tract, the esophagus, the gallbladder, biliary ducts, the pancreas1 and the respiratory tract may be involved.2
Cryptic Parasite Revealed. Improved Prospects for Treatment and Control of Human Cryptosporidiosis Through Advanced Technologies <sup>{star operator}</sup>
2011, Advances in ParasitologyCitation Excerpt :Although less commonly reported than gastrointestinal infections, extra-gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis does occur, and can affect both immunocompetent (Westrope and Acharya, 2001) and, with greater frequency, immunocompromised, -suppressed or -deficient individuals (Bonacini, 1992; Dowsett et al., 1988; Vakil et al., 1996). Such infections can be categorized as pulmonary (Clavel et al., 1996) as well as biliary or pancreatic (Forbes et al., 1993; Goodwin, 1991; Vakil et al., 1996), and often appear to result from the systemic spread of an initial infection from the gastrointestinal tract (e.g. Edwards et al., 1990). Ultrasonic examinations of patients with biliary (Dolmatch et al., 1987; Teixidor et al., 1991) or pancreatic (Cappell and Hassan, 1993) infections indicate a notable dilation of the gall bladder and/or bile or pancreatic ducts, respectively, and an increase in pericholecystic fluid and thickening of the epithelial layers.
Isospora cholangiopathy: case study with histologic characterization and molecular confirmation
2009, Human PathologyCitation Excerpt :However, other features, such as saccular dilatations and mucosal edema, were unusual and more consistent with infection. In AIDS patients, opportunistic infection can cause cholangitis with radiographic changes that mimic PSC, but the predominant organism isolated from the bile ducts in such cases is Cryptosporidium, sometimes in combination with cytomegalovirus and/or other opportunistic pathogens [8-10]. Although one AIDS patient in the series reported by Farman et al [8] was found to have Isospora infection, the organism was identified in the gastrointestinal tract, not in the biliary tree, and its relevance to the patient's cholangiopathy was unclear.
Cryptosporidium parvum regulation of human epithelial cell gene expression
2004, International Journal for Parasitology