Cell
Volume 69, Issue 2, 17 April 1992, Pages 367-374
Journal home page for Cell

Article
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen is required for DNA excision repair

https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(92)90416-AGet rights and content

Abstract

Fractionation of extracts from human cell lines allows nucleotide excision repair of damaged DNA to be resolved into discrete incision and polymerization stages. Generation of incised intermediates depends on the XP-A protein, a polypeptide that recognizes sites of damaged DNA, and on the human single-stranded DNA-binding protein HSSB. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is required for the DNA synthesis that converts the nicked intermediates to completed repair events. This need for PCNA implies that repair synthesis is carried out by DNA polymerase δ or ε. The ability to visualize repair intermediates in the absence of PCNA facilitates dissection of the multiprotein reaction that leads to incision of damaged DNA in a major pathway of cellular defense against mutagens.

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      PCNA, DNA damage checkpoint protein rad24 and replication factor C subunit 3/5 (RFC3/5) were more abundant at the S phase (Fig. 3 and Table S3). As an essential protein in DNA replication and repair, PCNA plays vital roles in various biological processes and functions as the ligament within the cell cycle (Shivji et al., 1992). Rad24 not only activates the DNA damage checkpoint, but also participates in DNA repair, the transcriptional program and cell apoptosis (Zhou and Elledge, 2000).

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