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Biophenotypes and survival of BRCA1 and TP53 deleted breast cancer in young women

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of BRCA1 (17q21) and TP53 (17p13.1) in early-onset breast cancer patients; to correlate biopathological characteristics with molecular alterations; and to investigate the survival of LOH-related cancers.BRCA1 and TP53 LOH were evaluated in 78 early-onset breast cancers (≤40 years, Group 1) and 80 patients with age <55 years (Group 2). Cases were characterized for multiple biological markers (ER, PR, proliferation index (PI), NEU and p53). LOH was carried out on microdissected paraffin embedded tissues; microsatellites D17S855 (BRCA1) and D17S786 (TP53) were amplified by fluorescent PCR and analyzed by an automated DNA sequencer. Early-onset breast cancers showed a higher frequency of ductal histotype (89,7% vs. 56,3% p<0.001), node-positive (53,8% vs. 38,7%), larger size (p=0.017), higher mitotic rate (p=0.025), higher nuclear and final grade (p=0.01 and p=0.001, respectively). D17S855 LOH was 32,8% in group 1 vs. 21% in group 2; D17S786 LOH was 50,7% vs. 31.3% (p=0.03), respectively. BRCA1 LOH was correlated with higher PI (p=0.032) and higher p53 expression (p<0.001) in group 1 and with higher NEU expression (p=0.028) in group 2. TP53 LOH was correlated with p53 overexpression (p=0.03) in group 1. A worse clinical outcome in early-onset LOH related cancers emerged from follow-up data: TP53 and BRCA1 LOH were associated with a shorter relapse free interval (RFI) (p=0.03) and a poorer overall survival (OS) (p=0.04), respectively. This study underlines different biological profiles in the two age groups investigated, probably reflecting different mechanisms of carcinogenesis. In accordance with adverse histopathological features in early-onset patients, LOH-related cancers have an unfavorable prognosis.

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Querzoli, P., Albonico, G., Iasio, M.G.d. et al. Biophenotypes and survival of BRCA1 and TP53 deleted breast cancer in young women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 66, 135–142 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010643515095

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