Salmonella osteomyelitis is a rare disease occurring at a frequency of less than 1% of all cases of osteomyelitis, we report a case of salmonella osteomyelitis of the rib, which was hard to differentiate from chest wall tumor. A 40-year-old man without gastrointestinal symptoms was admitted to our hospital for swelling of the right mammary region. It was suggestive of inflammatory pseudotumor because the swelling diminished, and we could not establish a diagnosis of abscess by scintigraphy with gallium-67 or by computed tomogram (CT). Drainage was carried out in the chest and about 10 ml of pus was removed. A culture was taken from the pus, revealing salmonella enteritidis, he was treated by local wound care and ABPC (aminobenzyl-penicillin). The open wound became sterile in 40 days, and was closed 46 days after being opened for drainage.